IDENTIFIKASI HAMBATAN MAHASISWA PBA DALAM BERBAHASA ARAB DI LINGKUNGAN AKADEMIK: KAJIAN LITERATUR
Keywords:
Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab, Hambatan Pembelajaran, Mahasiswa Bahasa Arab, Lingkungan Bahasa, Faktor Psikologis
Abstract
Pembelajaran bahasa Arab dalam Program Pendidikan Bahasa Arab (PBA) sangat penting bagi kompetensi mahasiswa; namun, masih terdapat hambatan-hambatan kompleks yang belum sepenuhnya teridentifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis hambatan yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa PBA dalam penggunaan bahasa Arab di lingkungan kampus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui tinjauan pustaka sistematis terhadap 33 artikel ilmiah relevan yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2022 dan 2025. Data dikumpulkan secara sistematis dari basis data akademik dan selanjutnya dianalisis secara tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola hambatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hambatan linguistik dan psikososial merupakan kendala yang paling dominan, meliputi keterbatasan kosakata (mufradat), kesulitan dalam tata bahasa dan morfologi, rendahnya rasa percaya diri, serta tingginya tingkat kecemasan berbahasa. Hambatan non-linguistik dan lingkungan akademik hanya bersifat moderat, pengaruhnya ada namun tidak dominan. Pada dasarnya, pembelajaran bahasa Arab dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara aspek kognitif dan afektif. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi terintegrasi, yakni penguatan keterampilan berbahasa, pemberian dukungan psikologis, dan penciptaan lingkungan bahasa yang kondusif di kampus.
References
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Alkhalifah, Z. (2023). The Impact of Self-Efficacy, Learning Preferential, Learning Motivation and Academic Achievement on EFL Students in Saudi Arabia. World Journal of English Language, 13(1), 225–233. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n1p225
Almelhes, S. (2024). Enhancing Arabic Language Acquisition: Effective Strategies for Addressing Non-Native Learners’ Challenges. Education Sciences, 14(10), 1116. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14101116
Atkinson, C. F. (2024). Cheap, Quick, and Rigorous: Artificial Intelligence and the Systematic Literature Review. Social Science Computer Review, 42(2), 376–393. https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393231196281
Azizah, M. A., Setiyawan, A., Marcella, A. A., Limbong, A. D. S., & Cania, F. N. (2025). Lingkungan Kampus dan Kemampuan Komunikasi Berbahasa Arab Mahasiswa. Aphorisme: Journal of Arabic Language, Literature, and Education, 6(2), 536–550. https://doi.org/10.37680/aphorisme.v6i2.8806
Efendi, A., Muttaqien, A., & Siti Khumairotuzzahra. (2025). Analysis of the Implementation of Arabic Language Environment (Bi’ah Lughawiyah) to Improve Speaking Proficiency at Ma’had Bina Madani. Tatsqifiy: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 6(2), 155–169. https://doi.org/10.30997/tjpba.v6i2.19263
Fadlalmola, H., Elhusein, A., Swamy, D., Hussein, M. K., Mamanao, D., & Mohamedsalih, W. (2022). Plagiarism among nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Nursing Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12755
Fuziah, A. (2024). Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Bahasa Arab Siswa. Pendas STKIP Trisula, 5(1), 51–57. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.70134/identik.v2i6.931
Hidayati, Z. R., Jailani, S., & Risnita. (2025). Analisis Prinsip Etika Penelitian sebagai Landasan Moral dalam Karya Ilmiah: Perspektif Etika Akademik di Perguruan Tinggi Indonesia. Takuana: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Dan Humaniora, 4(3), 541–550. https://doi.org/10.56113/takuana.v4i3.196
Jeruss, J. S., & Cunningham, R. M. (2023). Working Toward Greater Transparency to Improve the Management of Research Misconduct. 6(6), 10–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.20799
Khasawneh, N. (2022). An Analysis of Learners’ Needs of Arabic as a Foreign Language at Jordanian Universities. Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures, 14(3), 535–549. https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.14.3.5
Latif, M. M. M. A., & Alhamad, M. M. (2023). Arabicization or Englishization of higher education in the Arab world ? Controversies , policies and realities. February, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1093488
Lim, W. M. (2025). What Is Qualitative Research? An Overview and Guidelines. Australasian Marketing Journal, 33(2), 199–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/14413582241264619
Lotulung, C. V., & Purnawinadi, I. G. (2024). Motivasi Mahasiswa Keperawatan Tingkat Akhir Dalam Belajar Bahasa Inggris. Nutrix Journal, 8(2), 328–338. https://doi.org/10.37771/nj.v8i2.1210
Luo, Z. (2024). A Review of Krashen’s Input Theory. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 26, 130–135. https://doi.org/10.54097/3fnf5786
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Nasution, S., Asari, H., Al-Rasyid, H., Faridah, F., Zulpina, Z., Rangkuti, R. U., & Kawaid, A. I. S. D. (2025). Arabic Learning and Religious Identity Among Non-Muslim Students in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 13(2), 1497–1526. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v13i2.2053
Polat, A. (2025). Thematic Analysis in Qualitative Research: Common Pitfalls and Practical Insights for Academic Writing. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069251372835
Razem, R. J., & Pandor, J. (2023). The Motivational Orientations of Undergraduate Students to Learn Arabic in a Dubai Private University. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 14(1), 96–107. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1401.11
Razman, S. M., Ismail, Z., & Ismail, W. M. A. S. (2022). Developing a Teaching Module on Arabic Vocabulary Based on the Four Strands Theory for Pre-University Students in Malaysia: A Needs Analysis. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 12(11), 2263–2273. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1211.05
Rekan, A. A., Howell, H. R., Salleh, M. N. M., Rosin, N., Tabrani, Z. A., Ma`arif, M. A., & Adnan, M. A. M. (2025). Arabic Language Curriculum as a Foundation for Strengthening Religious Education in Public Higher Education. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 22(1), 97–121. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v22i1.11340
Robert, R., & Meenakshi, S. (2022). Rereading Oral Communication Skills in English Language Acquisition: The Unspoken Spoken English. Theory and Practice in Language Studies. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1211.25
Rustan, E. (2024). University Students ’ Plagiarism Behaviours in Writing Instruction : A Systematic Review. 15(4), 1083–1094. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1504.06 University
Sari, Y., Gimin, G., & Riadi, R. (2023). Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Belajar pada Pembelajaran Daring Mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi FKIP UNRI. Journal on Education, 5(2), 2248–2256. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v5i2.877
Shaalan, D. (2023). Role of Learning Environment in Arabic as a Foreign Language in Saudi Arabia. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(9), 2186–2194. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1309.04
Soruç, A., Yuksel, D., Horzum, B., McKinley, J., & Rose, H. (2024). Linguistic and non-linguistic factors impacting EMI academic success: a longitudinal study. Higher Education, 88(5), 1947–1968. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-024-01195-0
Stander, M. (2022). The relationship between language learning strategies, affective factors and language proficiency. Language Learning in Higher Education, 12(2), 391–408. https://doi.org/10.1515/cercles-2022-2053
Wu, X., Wen, X., Lu, J., & Liu, W. (2025). Learning factors influencing second language proficiency: a cross-cultural comparative study of English and Chinese L2 learners. BMC Psychology, 13(1), 850. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03196-9
Xu, J., Li, J., & Yang, J. (2024). Self-regulated learning strategies, self-efficacy, and learning engagement of EFL students in smart classrooms: A structural equation modeling analysis. System, 125, 103451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103451
Zairul, M. (2025). Mastering Thematic Analysis: A Step-by-step Guide for Beginners With Tips for Systematic Analysis Using ATLAS.ti 25. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069251384401
Aini, S. N. (2022). Pengaruh Kualitas Pendapat, Kredibilitas Sumber, Dan Informasi Dua Sisi Pada Keguanaan Informasi Ewom Terhadap Niat Pembelian Konsumen Di Media Sosia. Competence : Journal of Management Studies, 16(1), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.21107/kompetensi.v16i1.14246
Alkhalifah, Z. (2023). The Impact of Self-Efficacy, Learning Preferential, Learning Motivation and Academic Achievement on EFL Students in Saudi Arabia. World Journal of English Language, 13(1), 225–233. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n1p225
Almelhes, S. (2024). Enhancing Arabic Language Acquisition: Effective Strategies for Addressing Non-Native Learners’ Challenges. Education Sciences, 14(10), 1116. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14101116
Atkinson, C. F. (2024). Cheap, Quick, and Rigorous: Artificial Intelligence and the Systematic Literature Review. Social Science Computer Review, 42(2), 376–393. https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393231196281
Azizah, M. A., Setiyawan, A., Marcella, A. A., Limbong, A. D. S., & Cania, F. N. (2025). Lingkungan Kampus dan Kemampuan Komunikasi Berbahasa Arab Mahasiswa. Aphorisme: Journal of Arabic Language, Literature, and Education, 6(2), 536–550. https://doi.org/10.37680/aphorisme.v6i2.8806
Efendi, A., Muttaqien, A., & Siti Khumairotuzzahra. (2025). Analysis of the Implementation of Arabic Language Environment (Bi’ah Lughawiyah) to Improve Speaking Proficiency at Ma’had Bina Madani. Tatsqifiy: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 6(2), 155–169. https://doi.org/10.30997/tjpba.v6i2.19263
Fadlalmola, H., Elhusein, A., Swamy, D., Hussein, M. K., Mamanao, D., & Mohamedsalih, W. (2022). Plagiarism among nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Nursing Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12755
Fuziah, A. (2024). Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Bahasa Arab Siswa. Pendas STKIP Trisula, 5(1), 51–57. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.70134/identik.v2i6.931
Hidayati, Z. R., Jailani, S., & Risnita. (2025). Analisis Prinsip Etika Penelitian sebagai Landasan Moral dalam Karya Ilmiah: Perspektif Etika Akademik di Perguruan Tinggi Indonesia. Takuana: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Dan Humaniora, 4(3), 541–550. https://doi.org/10.56113/takuana.v4i3.196
Jeruss, J. S., & Cunningham, R. M. (2023). Working Toward Greater Transparency to Improve the Management of Research Misconduct. 6(6), 10–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.20799
Khasawneh, N. (2022). An Analysis of Learners’ Needs of Arabic as a Foreign Language at Jordanian Universities. Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures, 14(3), 535–549. https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.14.3.5
Latif, M. M. M. A., & Alhamad, M. M. (2023). Arabicization or Englishization of higher education in the Arab world ? Controversies , policies and realities. February, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1093488
Lim, W. M. (2025). What Is Qualitative Research? An Overview and Guidelines. Australasian Marketing Journal, 33(2), 199–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/14413582241264619
Lotulung, C. V., & Purnawinadi, I. G. (2024). Motivasi Mahasiswa Keperawatan Tingkat Akhir Dalam Belajar Bahasa Inggris. Nutrix Journal, 8(2), 328–338. https://doi.org/10.37771/nj.v8i2.1210
Luo, Z. (2024). A Review of Krashen’s Input Theory. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 26, 130–135. https://doi.org/10.54097/3fnf5786
Ma, Y. (2022). The triarchy of L2 learners’ emotion, cognition, and language performance: Anxiety, self-efficacy, and speaking skill in lights of the emerging theories in SLA. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(September), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1002492
Mei, S. Y., Shittu, M. A., & Ju, S. Y. (2023). Effect of Anxiety and Self-Efficacy on Class Performance in Arabic Language Online Class. World Journal of English Language, 13(5), 269–276. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n5p269
Nasution, S., Asari, H., Al-Rasyid, H., Faridah, F., Zulpina, Z., Rangkuti, R. U., & Kawaid, A. I. S. D. (2025). Arabic Learning and Religious Identity Among Non-Muslim Students in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 13(2), 1497–1526. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v13i2.2053
Polat, A. (2025). Thematic Analysis in Qualitative Research: Common Pitfalls and Practical Insights for Academic Writing. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069251372835
Razem, R. J., & Pandor, J. (2023). The Motivational Orientations of Undergraduate Students to Learn Arabic in a Dubai Private University. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 14(1), 96–107. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1401.11
Razman, S. M., Ismail, Z., & Ismail, W. M. A. S. (2022). Developing a Teaching Module on Arabic Vocabulary Based on the Four Strands Theory for Pre-University Students in Malaysia: A Needs Analysis. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 12(11), 2263–2273. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1211.05
Rekan, A. A., Howell, H. R., Salleh, M. N. M., Rosin, N., Tabrani, Z. A., Ma`arif, M. A., & Adnan, M. A. M. (2025). Arabic Language Curriculum as a Foundation for Strengthening Religious Education in Public Higher Education. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 22(1), 97–121. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v22i1.11340
Robert, R., & Meenakshi, S. (2022). Rereading Oral Communication Skills in English Language Acquisition: The Unspoken Spoken English. Theory and Practice in Language Studies. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1211.25
Rustan, E. (2024). University Students ’ Plagiarism Behaviours in Writing Instruction : A Systematic Review. 15(4), 1083–1094. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1504.06 University
Sari, Y., Gimin, G., & Riadi, R. (2023). Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Belajar pada Pembelajaran Daring Mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi FKIP UNRI. Journal on Education, 5(2), 2248–2256. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v5i2.877
Shaalan, D. (2023). Role of Learning Environment in Arabic as a Foreign Language in Saudi Arabia. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(9), 2186–2194. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1309.04
Soruç, A., Yuksel, D., Horzum, B., McKinley, J., & Rose, H. (2024). Linguistic and non-linguistic factors impacting EMI academic success: a longitudinal study. Higher Education, 88(5), 1947–1968. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-024-01195-0
Stander, M. (2022). The relationship between language learning strategies, affective factors and language proficiency. Language Learning in Higher Education, 12(2), 391–408. https://doi.org/10.1515/cercles-2022-2053
Wu, X., Wen, X., Lu, J., & Liu, W. (2025). Learning factors influencing second language proficiency: a cross-cultural comparative study of English and Chinese L2 learners. BMC Psychology, 13(1), 850. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03196-9
Xu, J., Li, J., & Yang, J. (2024). Self-regulated learning strategies, self-efficacy, and learning engagement of EFL students in smart classrooms: A structural equation modeling analysis. System, 125, 103451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103451
Zairul, M. (2025). Mastering Thematic Analysis: A Step-by-step Guide for Beginners With Tips for Systematic Analysis Using ATLAS.ti 25. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069251384401
Alkhalifah, Z. (2023). The Impact of Self-Efficacy, Learning Preferential, Learning Motivation and Academic Achievement on EFL Students in Saudi Arabia. World Journal of English Language, 13(1), 225–233. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n1p225
Almelhes, S. (2024). Enhancing Arabic Language Acquisition: Effective Strategies for Addressing Non-Native Learners’ Challenges. Education Sciences, 14(10), 1116. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14101116
Atkinson, C. F. (2024). Cheap, Quick, and Rigorous: Artificial Intelligence and the Systematic Literature Review. Social Science Computer Review, 42(2), 376–393. https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393231196281
Azizah, M. A., Setiyawan, A., Marcella, A. A., Limbong, A. D. S., & Cania, F. N. (2025). Lingkungan Kampus dan Kemampuan Komunikasi Berbahasa Arab Mahasiswa. Aphorisme: Journal of Arabic Language, Literature, and Education, 6(2), 536–550. https://doi.org/10.37680/aphorisme.v6i2.8806
Efendi, A., Muttaqien, A., & Siti Khumairotuzzahra. (2025). Analysis of the Implementation of Arabic Language Environment (Bi’ah Lughawiyah) to Improve Speaking Proficiency at Ma’had Bina Madani. Tatsqifiy: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 6(2), 155–169. https://doi.org/10.30997/tjpba.v6i2.19263
Fadlalmola, H., Elhusein, A., Swamy, D., Hussein, M. K., Mamanao, D., & Mohamedsalih, W. (2022). Plagiarism among nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Nursing Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12755
Fuziah, A. (2024). Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Bahasa Arab Siswa. Pendas STKIP Trisula, 5(1), 51–57. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.70134/identik.v2i6.931
Hidayati, Z. R., Jailani, S., & Risnita. (2025). Analisis Prinsip Etika Penelitian sebagai Landasan Moral dalam Karya Ilmiah: Perspektif Etika Akademik di Perguruan Tinggi Indonesia. Takuana: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Dan Humaniora, 4(3), 541–550. https://doi.org/10.56113/takuana.v4i3.196
Jeruss, J. S., & Cunningham, R. M. (2023). Working Toward Greater Transparency to Improve the Management of Research Misconduct. 6(6), 10–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.20799
Khasawneh, N. (2022). An Analysis of Learners’ Needs of Arabic as a Foreign Language at Jordanian Universities. Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures, 14(3), 535–549. https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.14.3.5
Latif, M. M. M. A., & Alhamad, M. M. (2023). Arabicization or Englishization of higher education in the Arab world ? Controversies , policies and realities. February, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1093488
Lim, W. M. (2025). What Is Qualitative Research? An Overview and Guidelines. Australasian Marketing Journal, 33(2), 199–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/14413582241264619
Lotulung, C. V., & Purnawinadi, I. G. (2024). Motivasi Mahasiswa Keperawatan Tingkat Akhir Dalam Belajar Bahasa Inggris. Nutrix Journal, 8(2), 328–338. https://doi.org/10.37771/nj.v8i2.1210
Luo, Z. (2024). A Review of Krashen’s Input Theory. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 26, 130–135. https://doi.org/10.54097/3fnf5786
Ma, Y. (2022). The triarchy of L2 learners’ emotion, cognition, and language performance: Anxiety, self-efficacy, and speaking skill in lights of the emerging theories in SLA. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(September), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1002492
Mei, S. Y., Shittu, M. A., & Ju, S. Y. (2023). Effect of Anxiety and Self-Efficacy on Class Performance in Arabic Language Online Class. World Journal of English Language, 13(5), 269–276. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n5p269
Nasution, S., Asari, H., Al-Rasyid, H., Faridah, F., Zulpina, Z., Rangkuti, R. U., & Kawaid, A. I. S. D. (2025). Arabic Learning and Religious Identity Among Non-Muslim Students in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 13(2), 1497–1526. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v13i2.2053
Polat, A. (2025). Thematic Analysis in Qualitative Research: Common Pitfalls and Practical Insights for Academic Writing. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069251372835
Razem, R. J., & Pandor, J. (2023). The Motivational Orientations of Undergraduate Students to Learn Arabic in a Dubai Private University. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 14(1), 96–107. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1401.11
Razman, S. M., Ismail, Z., & Ismail, W. M. A. S. (2022). Developing a Teaching Module on Arabic Vocabulary Based on the Four Strands Theory for Pre-University Students in Malaysia: A Needs Analysis. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 12(11), 2263–2273. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1211.05
Rekan, A. A., Howell, H. R., Salleh, M. N. M., Rosin, N., Tabrani, Z. A., Ma`arif, M. A., & Adnan, M. A. M. (2025). Arabic Language Curriculum as a Foundation for Strengthening Religious Education in Public Higher Education. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 22(1), 97–121. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v22i1.11340
Robert, R., & Meenakshi, S. (2022). Rereading Oral Communication Skills in English Language Acquisition: The Unspoken Spoken English. Theory and Practice in Language Studies. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1211.25
Rustan, E. (2024). University Students ’ Plagiarism Behaviours in Writing Instruction : A Systematic Review. 15(4), 1083–1094. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1504.06 University
Sari, Y., Gimin, G., & Riadi, R. (2023). Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Belajar pada Pembelajaran Daring Mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi FKIP UNRI. Journal on Education, 5(2), 2248–2256. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v5i2.877
Shaalan, D. (2023). Role of Learning Environment in Arabic as a Foreign Language in Saudi Arabia. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(9), 2186–2194. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1309.04
Soruç, A., Yuksel, D., Horzum, B., McKinley, J., & Rose, H. (2024). Linguistic and non-linguistic factors impacting EMI academic success: a longitudinal study. Higher Education, 88(5), 1947–1968. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-024-01195-0
Stander, M. (2022). The relationship between language learning strategies, affective factors and language proficiency. Language Learning in Higher Education, 12(2), 391–408. https://doi.org/10.1515/cercles-2022-2053
Wu, X., Wen, X., Lu, J., & Liu, W. (2025). Learning factors influencing second language proficiency: a cross-cultural comparative study of English and Chinese L2 learners. BMC Psychology, 13(1), 850. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03196-9
Xu, J., Li, J., & Yang, J. (2024). Self-regulated learning strategies, self-efficacy, and learning engagement of EFL students in smart classrooms: A structural equation modeling analysis. System, 125, 103451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103451
Zairul, M. (2025). Mastering Thematic Analysis: A Step-by-step Guide for Beginners With Tips for Systematic Analysis Using ATLAS.ti 25. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069251384401
Aini, S. N. (2022). Pengaruh Kualitas Pendapat, Kredibilitas Sumber, Dan Informasi Dua Sisi Pada Keguanaan Informasi Ewom Terhadap Niat Pembelian Konsumen Di Media Sosia. Competence : Journal of Management Studies, 16(1), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.21107/kompetensi.v16i1.14246
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Published
2026-08-27
How to Cite
A, A., Ramadhani, S., Khaerunnisaa, R., Gazali J, A., Hadi, M. M., Mutmainnah, B., Rasyid, H. H. A., & Semmang, S. (2026). IDENTIFIKASI HAMBATAN MAHASISWA PBA DALAM BERBAHASA ARAB DI LINGKUNGAN AKADEMIK: KAJIAN LITERATUR. An-Nahdlah: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 326-333. https://doi.org/10.51806/an-nahdlah.v6i1.943
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Copyright (c) 2026 Arsita A, Suci Ramadhani, Rizqiana Khaerunnisaa, Ahmad Gazali J, Muhammad Murtadhol Hadi, Besse Mutmainnah, Hamzah Harun Al Rasyid, Syamsuddin Semmang
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
